Johan Barthold Jongkind (1819-1891), Dutch painter and etcher. In 1846 he went to Paris and studied with the French artist Eugène Isabey. Jongkind painted some excellent forest landscapes, but seascapes make up the main body of his work. He developed a technique to illustrate the effects of light by using juxtaposed strokes of unmixed colors, foreshadowing the impressionist techniques of the French painter Claude Monet and others (see Impressionism). He revisited his own country often, painting the countryside around Rotterdam and Dordrecht. As an etcher he ranks high, having executed numerous fine Dutch village scenes and seascapes.