III.

Philosophy

In their development, many of the martial arts were influenced by Eastern philosophical and religious thought, particularly Buddhism and Daoism (Taoism). Buddhism emphasizes the role of individual seeking and effort to attain self-mastery, self-realization, and enlightenment. Daoism advocates the use of certain physical exercises and breathing exercises directed to the same end. The martial arts therefore require students to develop both their bodies and their minds. Because the martial arts give specific attention to both elements, they differ from most other sports and physical activities, which usually focus on purely physical training.

Serious martial arts students believe that the martial arts are not about fighting, but about living—that is, the principles students learn in the martial arts help provide guidance on how to act outside the training hall. In the end, martial arts schools aim to produce students who practice the martial arts to better themselves, not to dominate others. The martial arts can also produce intangible benefits for students. Studies have shown that many of those who practice the martial arts differ from the general public in that they have a lower level of anxiety, an increased sense of responsibility, and a higher level of self-esteem.