Gawin Douglas, also spelled Gavin, (1474?-1522), Scottish poet and ecclesiastic, the son of the 5th earl of Angus. After being educated for the priesthood at Saint Andrews University, he was made provost at Saint Giles Cathedral, Edinburgh, in 1501. Pope Leo X appointed him bishop of Dunkeld in 1515, but Douglas became involved in the political quarrels of the time, and before he could be consecrated, he was imprisoned for a year by the regent. In 1516 he was consecrated bishop, but four years later was deprived of his jurisdiction after his nephew fell out of favor with the queen. He went to London to ask Henry VIII for aid and died there of the plague.

Douglas's poems include the allegories The Palice of Honour, King Hart, and Conscience, all written in the Lowland Scots version of English. He is best known for his translation of Virgil's Aeneid, with original prologues, one of the first English versions of the Latin classic that lacked the formal, classical diction and somber tone of other translations.