Japanese Emperors

Japanese chronology does not always match emperors' reign dates. Rather, it is marked by occurrences, such as significant political events, military gains, and natural disasters. Dates in parentheses represent the date of enthronement, when later than date of accession.

Reign dates ¹
Probable	Traditional	Name

Legendary and Yamato Period 40 bc-592 ad
40-10 bc	660-585 bc	Jimmu
10 bc-ad 20	581-49 bc	Suizei
20-50	549-11 bc	Annei
50-80	510-477 bc	Itoku
80-110	475-393 bc	Kosho
110-40	392-291 bc	Koan
140-70	290-15 bc	Korei
170-200	214-158 bc	Kogen
200-30	157-98 bc	Kaika
230-58	97-30 bc	Sujin
259-90	29 bc-70 ad	Suinin
291-323	71-130	Keiko
323-56	131-90	Seimu
356-62	192-200	Chúai
363-80	201-269	Jingú Kogo (Regent)
380-95	270-310	Öjin
395-428	313-99	Nintoku
428-33	400-05	Richú
433-38	406-10	Hanzei
438-55	412-53	Ingyo
455-57	454-56	Anko
457-90	457-79	Yúryaku
490-95	480-84	Seinei
495-98	485-87	Kenzo
498-504	488-98	Ninken
504-10	499-506	Buretsu
510-34	507-31	Keitai
534-36	531-35	Ankan
536-39	535-39	Senka
539-71		Kimmei
572-85		Bidatsu
585-87		Yomei
587-92		Sushun
Asuka Period 592-710
593-628		Suiko (empress)
629-41		Jomei
642-45		Kogyoku (empress)
645-54		Kotoku
655-61		Saimei (empress)
661-72	(668)	Tenji
672		Kobun
672-86	(673)	Temmu
686-97	(690)	Jito (empress)
697-707		Mommu
Nara Period 710-94
707-15		Gemmei (empress)
715-24		Gensho (empress)
724-49		Shomu
749-58		Koken (empress)
758-64		Junnin
764-70		Shotoku (empress)
770-81		Konin
Heian Period 794-1192
781-806		Kammu
806-09		Heizei
809-23		Saga
823-33		Junna
833-50		Nimmyo
850-58		Montoku
858-76		Seiwa
876-84		Yozei
884-87		Koko
887-97		Uda
897-930		Daigo
930-46		Suzaku
946-67		Murakami
967-69		Reizei
969-84		En'yú
984-86		Kazan
986-1011		Ichijo
1011-16		Sanjo
1016-36		Go-Ichijo
1036-45		Go-Suzaku
1045-68		Go-Reizei
1068-73		Go-Sanjo
1073-87		Shirakawa (1086-1129 cloistered rule)
1087-1107		Horikawa
1107-23	(1108)	Toba (1129-56 cloistered rule)
1123-42		Sutoku
1142-55		Konoe
1155-58		Go-Shirakawa (1158-92 cloistered rule)
1158-65	(1159)	Nijo
1165-68		Rokujo
1168-80		Takakura
1180-85		Antoku
Kamakura Period 1192-1333
1183-98	(1184)	Go-Toba
1198-1210		Tsuchimikado
1210-21	(1211)	Juntoku
1221		Chúkyo
1221-32	(1222)	Go-Horikawa
1232-42	(1233)	Shijo
1242-46		Go-Saga
1246-60		Go-Fukakusa
1260-74		Kameyama
1274-87		Go-Uda
1287-98	(1288)	Fushimi
1298-1301		Go-Fushimi
1301-08		Go-Nijo
1308-1318		Hanazono
Namboku Period 1334-92 ²
The Southern Court
1318-39		Go-Daigo
1339-68		Go-Murakami
1368-83		Chokei
1383-92		Go-Kameyama
The Northern Court
1331-33	(1332)	Kogon
1336-48	(1338)	Komyo
1348-51	(1350)	Suko
1351-71	(1354)	Go-Kogon
1371-82	(1375)	Go-En'yú
Muromachi Period 1392-1573 ³
1382-1412	(1392)	Go-Komatsu
1412-28	(1415)	Shoko
1428-64	(1430)	Go-Hanazono
1464-1500	(1466)	Go-Tsuchimikado
1500-26	(1521)	Go-Kashiwabara
1526-57	(1536)	Go-Nara
Momoyama Period 1573-1603
1557-86	(1560)	Ögimachi
Edo Period 1603-1867
1586-1611	(1587)	Go-Yozei
1611-29		Go-Mizunoo
1629-43	(1630)	Meisho (empress)
1643-54		Go-Komyo
1655-63	(1656)	Gosai
1663-87		Reigen
1687-1709		Higashiyama
1709-35	(1710)	Nakamikado
1735-47		Sakuramachi
1747-62		Momozono
1762-71	(1763)	Go-Sakuramachi (empress)
1771-79		Go-Momozono
1780-1817		Kokaku
1817-46		Ninko
1846-67	(1847)	Komei
Meiji Period 1868-1912
1867-1912	(1868)	Mutsuhito
Taisho Period 1912-26
1912-26	(1915)	Yoshihito
Showa Period 1926-89
1926-89	(1928)	Hirohito
Heisei Period 1989-
1989-		Akihito
1) Reign dates for the first 28 emperors are the subject of some doubt and speculation. The traditional view, upon which the National Calendar is based, places the accession of Jimmu at 660 bc. Modern research approximates the date to be much later at c. 40 bc. Both probable and traditional dates are given for the first 29 rulers. 2) Although the Southern Court was set up in exile, it retained the imperial regalia and is considered to be the legitimate line. 3) The Muromachi Period begins with the unification of the Southern and Northern Courts in 1392.

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