| World War I began in August 1914. The two coalitions fighting were the Allied Powers (Britain, France, Russia, Italy, and others) and the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire). After the Central Powers were defeated in 1918, the two coalitions signed various peace treaties that changed the shape of Europe. This map shows the countries and boundaries of Europe before and after World War I. The countries shown in gray, such as Britain and Norway, are ones whose boundaries did not change after the war. |
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