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Birth
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October 25, 1881
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Death
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1973
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Place of Birth
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Málaga, Spain
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Principal Residence
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Paris, France
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Known for
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Developing cubism together with French artist Georges Braque, rejecting realistic representation and breaking down forms into fundamental geometric planes and shapes
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Dominating the world of art through most of the 20th century, experimenting and innovating in various media and modern movements
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Milestones
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1901-1904 Adopted a primarily blue palette and painted elongated images of downtrodden members of society, in a phase known as his Blue Period
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1905 Painted Family of Saltimbanques, a representative work of the Rose Period (1904-1905), in which he depicted circus performers, predominantly in shades of red and pink
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1905-1906 Executed a portrait of American writer and art collector Gertrude Stein, foregoing literal depiction for a more masklike, conceptual image
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1907 Shocked the art community with Les demoiselles d'Avignon, a composition of fragmented planes and jagged forms; this work ushered in cubism and irreversibly expanded the rules of visual representation in art
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1908-1911 Worked closely with French artist Georges Braques on the development of analytic cubism
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1914-1918 Resided in Rome during World War I and designed stage sets for the Ballets Russes
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1925 Painted Three Dancers, experimenting with classical form while continuing his development of cubism
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1937 Depicted the horrors of the Spanish Civil War in Guernica |
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1939-1942 Focused much of his attention on the depiction of death during World War II, producing works including Still Life with Steer's Skull (1942)
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1950 Executed She-Goat, one of the many sculptures he produced during the later period of his work
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Did You Know
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Picasso's father was an instructor at the School of Fine Arts in Málaga.
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When Picasso was 14, he painted a series of small religious pictures, which he never sold.
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Outraged by fascist excesses during World War II, Picasso joined the French Communist Party in 1947 and in 1950 was awarded the Lenin Peace Prize.
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Guernica was returned to Spain from the Museum of Modern Art in New York in 1981, according to Picasso's wishes that the work not go back to Spain until the end of Fascist rule there.
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