| French explorer Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza, center, traced the river systems of west central Africa in the 1880s and 1890s, signing treaties that gave France control over much of what is now Gabon and the Republic of the Congo. Known for his humor, compassion, and stubborn determination, de Brazza foiled Anglo-American explorer Sir Henry Morton Stanley’s plan to claim both sides of the Congo River in the name of Belgian king Leopold II. |