| French mathematician Pierre de Fermat formulated a theorem that mathematicians spent centuries trying to prove. The theorem, called Fermat’s Last Theorem, stipulates that the Pythagorean equation (a2 + b2 = c2) is true only for squares and that no positive integers can be found to satisfy the equation when the exponent is greater than two. While the unique theorem has a limited practical use, attempts to prove it have generated important discoveries in algebra and analysis. |