In a kidney transplant, the donated kidney may come from a close living relative of the patient or from a person who has recently died. The donor kidney is removed by clamping and cutting the renal vein and artery (1). The diseased kidneys in the patient may be left in place, or one or both may be removed if they cause persistent infection or high blood pressure (2). The donor kidney is placed in the pelvis region of the recipient and the organ's renal vein and artery are attached (3). Both the donor and the recipient can survive in good health with only one functioning kidney to filter and regulate the composition of blood.
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