Helmut Kohl rose through the ranks of the West German government as a proponent of European unity. He became chancellor of West Germany in 1982 and his governing coalition retained power in the 1983 and 1987 elections. After the 1989 fall of Communism in East Germany, Kohl became the architect of German political unification. In December 1990 he won the first election open to all Germans since 1950 and became chancellor of the reunified Germany, a position he held until 1998.