Frederick I was Holy Roman emperor and king of Germany from 1152 to 1190. He was known as Frederick Barbarossa (“red beard”) because of his bright red hair, which can be seen in this 11th-century manuscript illustration. Enthroned between his two sons, he is holding the orb and scepter that are emblems of his authority.
Art Resource/Bridgeman Art Library, London/New YorkBridgeman/Art Resource, NY