Baja California (peninsula) or Lower California, peninsula, northwestern Mexico, comprising the states of Baja California and Baja California Sur, lying between the Gulf of California and the Pacific Ocean. It is about 1,200 km (about 760 mi) long, varies in width from 48 to 241 km (30 to 150 mi), and consists of mountain ranges rising in the north to more than 3,000 m (10,000 ft) above sea level.
The northern half of the peninsula contains Baja California, with its capital at Mexicali. Area, 71,576 sq km (27,636 sq mi); population 2,844,469 (2005 estimate). The southern half of the peninsula contains Baja California Sur, with its capital at La Paz. Area, 71,428 sq km (27,579 sq mi); population 512,170 (2005 estimate).
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