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Al Ḩijāz

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Al Ḩijāz or Hejaz, region of western Saudi Arabia, bordering the Red Sea. It is largely an arid highland region, with some oasis agriculture. Mecca and Medina, the principal holy cities of Islam, are here; other population centers include Aţ Ţā’if and the Red Sea port of Jiddah. Al Ḩijāz came under the rule of Egypt in 1258 and passed to the Ottoman Empire in 1517. Rebelling against Ottoman rule, it was briefly (1916-1924) an independent kingdom. Subsequently, it was merged (1926) with the neighboring kingdom of Najd and was incorporated with other regions (1932) to form the kingdom of Saudi Arabia.



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